
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), is the leading cause of blindness in the Western world. A new stem cell therapy, by the London Project to cure Blindness, is offering promise of a cure.

Stem cells offer the potential to be cultivated to become many other cell types in the body. Their ability to form cells within the eye could be key to reversing blindness. Pictured, a colony of human embryonic stem cells under the microscope.

Cells in the eye's Retinal Pigmented Epithelium (REP) support the eye's vision center, the macula. Damage to these cells leads to deterioration of the macula, resulting in AMD. Pictured, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells derived from human embryonic stem cells.

Professor Pete Coffey, head of the London Project to Cure Blindness, has invented a stem cell treatment for AMD that could restore the vision of sufferers.

Coffey's team are developing treatments for AMD based on transplanting new RPE cells, made from human embryonic stem cells (pictured), into patients suffering with AMD. Human embryonic stem cells have unleashed the potential for therapies for a range of diseases as well as AMD, including ALS, Alzheimer's, and some cancers.

AMD affects an estimated 15 million people in North America and up to 30 million worldwide. Pictured, a severe form of Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) seen from the back of the eye.

The treatment is on trial in London, where the first patient underwent the procedure on August 11, 2015.

The surgery was conducted by Professor Lyndon de Cruz (left) at Moorfields Eye Hospital in London. Nine more patients will receive the treatment during this trial.

For Coffey, the procedure was the culmination of an eight-year journey to cure the disease. He hopes it will become as routine as cataract surgery, and be made available to all sufferers of the disease.